Larix decidua Compacta - European Larch, Common Larch

The Larix decidua 'Compacta' is one of the few dwarf forms of the European Larch and is characterized by a spherical port. This conifer is often grafted on a stem to highlight its globular crown. Its non-prickly, deciduous foliage appears in spring, turning a beautiful golden yellow in autumn before falling. This small tree can be used as a centerpiece in small gardens or patios. It can also be showcased in a large container on a terrace.

The European Larch, Larix decidua, is a large conifer that can reach 30 m in height, with deciduous foliage. It is native to the mountains of central and southern Europe, where it is found at altitudes between 1400 and 2400 m. It is a pioneer species capable of improving poor or degraded soils, very hardy (down to -40°C). Highly valued for its wood, it adapts well to cultivation at lower altitudes. It belongs to the pine family, like pines, firs, and spruces. It is a species closely related to the Japanese Larix kaempferi.

The Larix decidua 'Compacta' reaches about 1 m in height and 80 cm in width at the age of 10 years. It is grafted onto a stem 1.20 m to 2 m high, which serves as its trunk. Ultimately, it forms a small "ball" tree measuring between 2 and 3 m in height with a roughly equivalent spread. In spring, the branches are adorned with tender needle-like foliage, a bright light green, later turning a dark green before changing to a golden yellow in autumn. They are grouped in tufts composed of 35 to 40 needles on short branches. Covering its trunk, its smooth gray bark turns reddish-brown and flakes with age.

The 'Compacta' European Larch is a graphic and undemanding small conifer, easy to grow as long as the soil does not dry out too much and it is placed in a sunny location. Its silhouette harmonizes perfectly with the clean, geometric lines of contemporary or French gardens. It also thrives easily in pots to decorate the terrace or balcony. In the garden, enhance it by planting summer heathers (Calluna) at its base, a few Japanese painted ferns (Athyrium niponicum var. pictum), or even Japanese grass.

Tips: Water regularly during the first two years and in case of prolonged drought. While it can tolerate occasional dry soil in cool climates, this conifer will be disappointing in a Mediterranean climate, too dry and hot in summer.